Kualitas Hidup Pada Ibu dari Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v15i1.145Keywords:
Quality of Life, Mothers, Autism, Phenomenological Approach, Spectrum DisturbanceAbstract
Ibu dari anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme akan menghadapi tantangan pengasuhan dan perawatan anak mereka dibandingkan dengan ibu pada umumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas hidup ibu yang memiliki anak dengan diagnosa gangguan spektrum autisme. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 7 orang yang merupakan ibu dari anak yang didiagnosa gangguan spektrum autisme. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 sehingga 3 ibu diwawancarai melalui saluran platform audio call whatsapp dan 4 ibu wawancara secara langsung sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan tematik analisis. Hasil penelitian menujukkan terdapat 23 tema yang menggambarkan kualitas hidup ibu dari anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme yang terdiri dari empat domain yaitu, kesehatan fisik, psikologis, relasi sosial dan lingkungan. Pada domain kesehatan fisik, mereka merasakan lelah secara fisik maupun psikis. Pada domain psikologis, terdapat perasaan yang dirasakan saat menerima diagnosa dan selama merawat anak dengan autisme. Pada domain relasi sosial, ibu dari anak dengan autisme berpengaruh terhadap hubungan dengan keluarga, teman, tetangga dan pasangan. Dengan adanya dukungan yang diperoleh ibu merasa semangat dan bersyukur dalam merawat anak dengan autisme. Pada domain lingkungan, ibu memiliki kebutuhan untuk melakukan terapi dan sekolah. Ibu menerima hal-hal baru dan memperoleh informasi mengenai autisme dari berbagai sumber. Bagi ibu, fasilitas yang dibutuhkan anak dengan autisme dirasa sudah cukup memadai dari fasilitas kesehatan, transportasi dan kondisi lingkungan fisik.
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