Peningkatan Resiliensi Psikologis Penyintas Kekerasan Rumah Tangga Melalui Psikoterapi Positif

Abdur Rahman; Kamsih Astuti; Metty Verasari; Izzanil Hidayati; Rifdha Wahyuni

doi:10.35134/jpsy165.v15i4.211

Authors

Abdur Rahman Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Syedza Saintika
Kamsih Astuti Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta
Metty Verasari Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta
Izzanil Hidayati Universitas Negeri Padang
Rifdha Wahyuni

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v15i4.211

Keywords:

Domestic Violence, Resilience, Positive Psychotherapy, KDRT, Kekerasan, Resiliensi, Psikoterapi Positif

Abstract

Domestic violence has a huge impact on survivors who act as wives and husbands as perpetrators of violence. Domestic violence has make survivors trapped in an endless cycle of violence, this is caused by a learned feeling of helplessness and great disappointment towards their partner while still hoping that their partner's behavior changes. The impacts experienced by survivors of domestic violence can be in the form of traumatic experiences, threats, restraints, feelings of helplessness which ultimately lead to maladaptif behavior such as having the belief that they feel helpless in addition to the physical impact they feel. Resilience is needed so they can quickly recover from the experience of violence. In this study, there were five female survivors of domestic violence whose ages ranged from 23-44 years and were still married. We measured the resilience of these participants using a modified Resilience Scale which was built based on the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25) and was given positive psychotherapy intervention to increase their resilience score. The process of measuring resilience in survivors was carried out three times, pre-test, post-test and one week after the intervention was given. Using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test as an analytical procedure, it was found a significant effect after being given a positive psychotherapy intervention on survivor's resilience (z=-2.032, p <0.05). Resilience observed increased in survivors is in the form optimistic thinking, increased self-confidence, eliciting positive memories and emotions towards oneself, had a new source of hope and energy to deal with everyday problems.

References

Sari, A. A., & Purwanti, A. (2018). Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan di Kota Demak. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 47(3), 317. Https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.47.3.2018.317-337.

Panjaitan, F. (2018). Kekerasan Terhadap Istri dalam Lingkup Domestik. FIDEI: Jurnal Teologi Sistematika dan Praktika, 1(1), 42–67. Https://doi.org/10.34081/fidei.v1i1.3.

Andang Sari, & Haryani Putri, A. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. KRTHA BHAYANGKARA, 14(2), 236–245. Https://doi.org/10.31599/KRTHA.V14I2.291.

Alimi, R., & Nurwati, N. (2021). Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga Terhadap Perempuan. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPPM), 2(1), 20. Https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v2i1.33434.

Schaefer, L. M., Howell, K. H., Sheddan, H. C., Napier, T. R., Shoemaker, H. L., & Miller-Graff, L. E. (2021). The Road to Resilience: Strength and Coping Among Pregnant Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(17–18), 8382–8408. Https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519850538.

What Is the Battered Woman Syndrome? (n.d.). The Battered Woman Syndrome. Https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826170996.0003.

Sholikhah, R. S., & Masykur, A. M. (2020). “Atas Nama Cinta, Ku Rela Terluka” (Studi Fenomenologi pada Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Dalam Pacaran). Jurnal EMPATI, 8(4), 706–716. Https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2019.26513.

Wilson, J. K. (2019). Cycle of Violence. In The Encyclopedia of Women and Crime (pp. 1–5). Https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118929803.ewac0083.

Rana, W., Mukhtar, S., & Mukhtar, S. (2022). Countering Emotional and Psychological Manipulation Abuse by Cultivating Resilience, Meaning, and Well-Being Among Victims of Male Intimate Partner Violence—Working Frontline Health Care Workers During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Qualitative Study. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 34(6–7), 671–674. Https://doi.org/10.1177/10105395221107139.

Brosi, M., Rolling, E., Gaffney, C., & Kitch, B. (2020). Beyond Resilience: Glimpses into Women’s Posttraumatic Growth after Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 48(1), 1–15. Https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2019.1691084.

Hiver, P., & Solarte, A. C. S. (2021). Resilience. In The Routledge Handbook of the Psychology of Language Learning and Teaching (pp. 205–217). Https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429321498-19.

Kotera, Y., Green, P., & Sheffield, D. (2021). Positive Psychology for Mental Wellbeing of UK Therapeutic Students: Relationships with Engagement, Motivation, Resilience and Self-Compassion. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(3), 1611–1626. Https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00466-y.

Fakhrah, F., & Purnamaningsih, E. H. (2020). Program Aktif (Aku Positif) untuk Meningkatkan Harga Diri Menjelang Masa Bebas pada Anak Didik di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA). Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP), 6(1), 107. Https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajpp.55364.

Seligman, M. E. P., Rashid, T., & Parks, A. C. (2006). Positive psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 61(8), 774–788. Https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.61.8.774.

Rashid, T. (2020). Positive Psychotherapy. In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (pp. 1–8). Https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69909-7_3378-2.

Papini, N., Kang, M., Ryu, S., Griese, E., Wingert, T., & Herrmann, S. (2021). Rasch calibration of the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(11), 1976–1987. Https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320904769.

Lovakov, A., & Agadullina, E. R. (2021). Empirically Derived Guidelines for Effect Size Interpretation in Social Psychology. European Journal of Social Psychology, 51(3), 485–504. Https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2752.

Anderson, K. M. (2019). Enhancing resilience in adult daughters of abused women. Social Work in Mental Health, 17(4), 479–493. Https://doi.org/10.1080/15332985.2019.1577789.

Sarbini, S., Kurniadewi, E., & Santoso, R. (2021). Peran Religiusitas dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Resiliensi Penyintas Tsunami Selat Sunda. Jurnal Psikologi Islam Dan Budaya, 4(2), 119–128. Https://doi.org/10.15575/jpib.v4i2.9476.

Rashid, T., & Al-Haj Baddar, M. K. (2019). Positive Psychotherapy: Clinical and Cross-cultural Applications of Positive Psychology. In Positive Psychology in the Middle East/North Africa (pp. 333–362). Https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13921-6_15.

Kurniawan, Y., & Susilo, M. N. I. B. (2021). Bangkit Pascainfeksi: Dinamika Resiliensi pada Penyintas Covid-19. PHILANTHROPY: Journal of Psychology, 5(1), 131. Https://doi.org/10.26623/philanthropy.v5i1.3326.

Yunanto, T., & Hasanat, N. U. (2019). Group Positive Psychotherapy Improves Resilience of Gay People Living with HIV/AIDS. Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia, 23(1), 113. Https://doi.org/10.7454/hubs.asia.1090519.

Kizilhan, J. I., & Wenzel, T. (2020). Positive psychotherapy in the treatment of traumatised Yezidi survivors of sexualised violence and genocide. International Review of Psychiatry, 32(7–8),594–605. Https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2020.1809356