Keharmonisan Keluarga dan Distres Psikologis pada Anak Perempuan Dewasa: Empati sebagai Mediator

Dwirana Iriska Nerviadi; Fivi Nurwianti

doi:10.35134/jpsy165.v17i1.322

Authors

Dwirana Iriska Nerviadi Universitas Indonesia
Fivi Nurwianti Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v17i1.322

Keywords:

Keharmonisan keluarga, Distres psikologis, Empati, Anak perempuan dewasa, Analisis mediasi

Abstract

Perempuan tumbuh dengan berbagai peran yang terbentuk di masyarakat. Secara umum, perempuan diharapkan berkontribusi dalam menjaga kesejahteraan dan keseimbangan di dalam keluarga. Sedangkan secara spesifik, prioritas anak perempuan dalam budaya kolektivis adalah menjadi anak yang “baik”, meliputi kemampuan untuk menjaga kondisi harmonis dalam keluarga. Kendati demikian, diketahui anak perempuan yang mulai beranjak dewasa masih sulit memahami kompleksnya menjawab peran tersebut. Ketidakhadiran kondisi harmonis dalam keluarga memiliki porsi dalam kemunculan distres psikologis pada individu. Salah satu faktor protektif dari distres psikologis adalah empati, yakni kemampuan untuk memahami pandangan dan perasaan orang lain tanpa berada pada situasi serupa. Empati dapat mendorong pembentukan perilaku prososial dan afek diri yang lebih positif, sehingga memungkinan anak perempuan dewasa memiliki interaksi yang lebih harmonis bersama keluarga dan kondisi psikologis yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mediasi melalui empati dalam hubungan keharmonisan keluarga terhadap distres psikologis pada anak perempuan dewasa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatori non-eksperimental dengan teknik pengambilan data purposive sampling, melibatkan sebanyak 202 partisipan wanita dengan rentang usia 18-40 tahun (M=24, SD=3,34). Pengukuran terhadap variabel penelitian dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur Family Harmony Scale-24 (FHS-24), General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), dan Basic Empathy Scale (BES). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empati memiliki efek mediasi dalam hubungan antara keharmonisan keluarga dan distres psikologis pada anak perempuan dewasa. Dapat disimpulkan, tingkat keharmonisan keluarga dan empati yang lebih tinggi dapat membantu menurunkan tingkat distres psikologis. Hasil penelitian juga mendukung aplikasi intervensi melalui pendekatan empathic communication untuk meningkatkan kondisi keharmonisan keluarga dan menurunkan distres psikologis pada anak perempuan dewasa.

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