Distress, Mindfulness, dan Kesepian: Intervensi Kelompok pada Adult Child of Divorce
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v17i1.334Keywords:
distress, mindfulness, kesepian, intervensi kelompok, adult child of divorceAbstract
Pengalaman bercerai belum tentu mudah untuk dihadapi setiap anggota keluarga, termasuk anak dengan berbagai kisaran usia. Perceraian orang tua memiliki dampak terhadap keadaan psikologis anak. Sehingga, dibutuhkan pendekatan teraupetik yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, salah satunya dengan intervensi kelompok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen. Metode intervensi yang digunakan adalah Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) yang dilakukan secara daring selama kurang lebih enam minggu dengan total 5 sesi. Partisipan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang dengan kriteria individu minimal berusia 18 tahun yang memiliki orang tua yang sudah bercerai, bersedia mengikuti rangkaian intervensi, dan menyatakan perceraian sebagai salah satu sumber stress. Pre-test, post-test, dan follow-up dilakukan untuk mengukur distress dengan kuesioner General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), mindfulness dengan kuesioner The Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), dan kesepian dengan kuesioner UCLA Loneliness Scale Versi 3 secara daring. Selain melihat perubahan skor pada pre-test, post-test, dan follow-up, analisis statistik lanjut juga dilakukan menggunakan uji friedman dan uji repeated measures ANOVA. Data kualitatif diambil melalui observasi serta diskusi selama proses intervensi berlangsung. Hasil intervensi kelompok menunjukkan terjadi perubahan skor rata-rata pre-test, post-test, dan follow-up pada tingkat distress, mindfulness, dan kesepian. Pemberian intervensi signifikan dalam penurunan distress dan meningkatkan mindfulness pada dimensi non-judging of inner experience. Namun, tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan dalam menurunkan kesepian serta meningkatkan mindfulness pada dimensi observing, describing, acting with awareness, dan non-reactivity to inner experience. Berdasarkan hasil kualitatif, secara umum partisipan merasakan adanya perubahan ke arah yang lebih baik dan merasakan kebersamaan.
References
Eyo, U. E. (2018). Divorce: Causes and Effects on Children. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 6(5), 172–177. Https://doi.org/10.24203/ajhss.v6i5.5315.
Latifah, L., & Ritonga, I. (2022). Difference of Divorce Determination in Indonesia: A Study Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Biometrika dan Kependudukan, 11(2), 223-235. Https://doi.org/10.20473/jbk.v11i02.2022.223-235.
D’Onofrio, B. & Emery, R. (2023). Parental Divorce or Separation and Children’s Mental Health. World Psychiatry, 18(1), 100-101. Https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20590.
Hasanah, U. (2019). Pengaruh Perceraian Orang Tua bagi Psikologis Anak. Jurnal Analisis Gender dan Agama, 2(1), 18-24. Http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/agenda.v2i1.1983.
Radetzki, P. A., Deleurme, K. A., & Rogers, S. M. (2021). The Implications of High-Conflict Divorce on Adult-Children: Five Factors Related to Well-Being. Journal of Family Studies, 28(3), 801-821. Http://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2020.1754277.
Bayat, B. (2020). Divorced Family-Based Cognitive Training on Reducing Anxiety: The Mindfulness Features Effects. The International Journal Health and Medicines, 1(1), 8-17. Https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3966518.
Wang, F., Lu, J., Lin, L., Cai, J., Xu, J., & Zhou, X. (2021). Impact of Parental Divorce versus Separation Due to Migration on Mental Health and Self-Injury of Chinese Children: A Cross Sectional Survey. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 15(71), 1-11. Https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-021-00424-z.
Luailik, M. & Sa’diyah, E. H. (2023). Dampak Perceraian Orang Tua terhadap Psikologis Anak. Journal of History and Social Sciences, 2(4), 162-169. Https://doi.org/10.58355/historical.v2i4.89.
Sarrami, M., Nazari, A., & Kassayi, A. (2018). Effect of Positive Psychotherapy on Psychological Well-Being of Divorce Children. Journal of Research & Health, 8(4), 298-304. Https://doi.org/10.29252/jrh.8.4.298.
Azzahra, S. F., Victoriana, E., & Megarini, M. Y. (2023). Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) untuk Penurunan Burnout pada Perawat. Jurnal Intervensi Psikologi, 15(1), 63-82. Https://doi.org/10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol15.iss1.art6.
Setyawati, J. I. & Ratnasari, Y. (2020). Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) dan Psychological Capital Intervention (PCI) untuk Mengurangi Burnout pada Perawat Lansia. Jurnal Psikogenesis, 8(2), 164-182. Https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v8i2.1498.
Yu, J., Han, M., Miao, F., & Hua, D. (2023). Using Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction to Relieve Loneliness, Anxiety, and Depression in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine, 102(37), 1-8. Http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000034917.
Zafar, M. S., et al. (2021). Impact of Stress on Human Body: A Review. European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 3(3), 1-7. Https://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.3.821.
Zuhriyah, F., Winta, M. V. I., Pratiwi, M. M. S. (2023). Stressors and Coping Strategies for Junior College Students in Maritime Boarding College. Journal of Maritime Dynamics, 4(1), 10-21. Https://doi.org/10.46484/db.v4i1.365.
Macia, D., et al. (2021). Meaning in Life: A Major Predictive Factor for Loneliness Comparable to Health Status and Social Connectedness. Front. Psychol., 12, 1-12. Https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.627547.
Zhang, D., Lee, E. K. P., Mak, E. C. W., Ho, C. Y., & Wong, S. Y. S. (2021). Mindfulness-Based Interventions: An Overall Review. British Medical Bulletin, 138(1), 41-57. Https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldab005.
Primasari, I. & Hidayat, R. (2016). General Health Qquestionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). Jurnal Psikologi, 43(2), 121-134. Https://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.9155.
Pramitha, R. & Astuti, Y. D. (2021). Hubungan Kesejahteraan Psikologis dengan Kesepian pada Mahasiswa yang Merantau di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sosial Teknologi, 1(10), 1.179-1.186. Https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v1i10.211.
Meindy, N., Djunaidi, A., & Triwahyuni, A. (2022). Adaptasi Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Bahasa Indonesia. Psychocentrum Review, 4(1), 1-19. Https://doi.org/10.26539/pcr.41849.
Sanilevici, M., Reuveni, O., Lev-Ari, S., Golland, Y., & Levit-Binnun, N. (2021). Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Increases Mental Wellbeing and Emotion Regulation During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Synchronous Online Intervention Study. Front Psychol, 12, 1-13. Https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720965.
Giannandrea, A., et al. (2018). Effects of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on Mind Wandering and Dispositional Mindfulness Facets. Mindfulness, 10, 185-195. Https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1070-5.
Accoto, A., et al. (2021). Beneficial Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training on the Well-Being of a Female Sample during the First Total Lockdown Due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18(11), 1-18. Https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115512.
O’Beney, R., Salm, A., & Lavender, T. (2019). An Exploration of Members’ Experiences of Group Therapy: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Group Analysis, 52(1), 82-99. Https://doi.org/10.1177/0533316418814054.
Weinberg, H. (2021). Obstacles, Challenges, and Benefits of Online Group Psychotherapy. The American Journal of Psychotherapy, 74(2), 1-6. Https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200034.
Psyche 165 Journal has launched a new template since Vol. 18, No. 2 (2025)
