Pengaruh Pretend Play terhadap Kemampuan Bahasa pada Anak Usia Prasekolah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v18i1.489Keywords:
bermain pura-pura, kemampuan bahasa, perkembangan bahasa, stimulasi bahasa, usia prasekolahAbstract
Masa prasekolah adalah periode penting dalam berkembangnya kemampuan berbahasa anak yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya interaksi dan komunikasi dengan lingkungan luar selain keluarga. Pada usia ini, anak-anak mulai aktif menggunakan bahasa dalam percakapan sehari-sehari, sering kali melalui kegiatan bermain yang mendukung perkembangan keterampilan berkomunikasi mereka. Salah satu kegiatan bermain yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa anak adalah pretend play. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh pretend play terhadap kemampuan bahasa anak usia prasekolah. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuasi-eksperimen dengan jenis untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples. Partisipan penelitian ini terdiri dari anak-anak prasekolah di salah satu Taman Kanak-kanak di Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat, yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Untuk menganalisis data, hipotesis diuji dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar .004 (p<0.05), yang mengindikasikan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pretend play terhadap kemampuan bahasa anak usia prasekolah. Pengaruh pretend play dalam mengembangkan kemampuan bahasa anak terlihat dari gain score rata-rata kelompok eksperimen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Selain itu, pretend play memberikan pengaruh yang substansial pada kemampuan bahasa dengan effect size sebesar 0.90, termasuk dalam kategori besar (r>0.50). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pretend play merupakan metode yang efektif dalam mendukung perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia prasekolah. Dalam permainan ini, anak-anak terlibat pada skenario sosial yang mendorong mereka untuk berkomunikasi, memerankan tokoh, dan merespons interaksi dalam meningkatkan keterampilan bahasa.
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